Fri Nov 18 2022

37 articles - From Friday Nov 11 2022 to Friday Nov 18 2022

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Guidelines

Guidelines and related publications, position statements, white papers, technical reviews, consensus statements, etc…


Meta-analysis

meta-analyses and systematic reviews

Pancreas

Fluid Resuscitation With Lactated Ringer's Solution Versus Normal Saline in Acute Pancreatitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Trials.

There was a significant reduction in the odds of intensive care unit admission and development of local complications, respectively, with the administration of LR among hospitalized patients with acute pancreatitis relative to administration of NS (pooled ORs, 0.33 [95% CI, 0.13-0.81] and 0.43 [95% CI, 0.21-0.89], respectively). Our findings are able to assist clinicians in the navigation of the proper choice of fluid in patients with acute pancreatitis.

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Thoracic Epidural Analgesia in Acute Pancreatitis: A Systematic Review.

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Original articles

RCT, clinical trials, retrospective studies, etc…

Am J Clin Nutr

Habitual coffee consumption and subsequent risk of type 2 diabetes in individuals with a history of gestational diabetes - a prospective study.

Among predominantly Caucasian females with a history of GDM, greater consumption of caffeinated coffee was associated with a lower risk of T2D and a more favorable metabolic profile.

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Physical activity and individual plasma phospholipid saturated fatty acids in pregnancy, a longitudinal study among a multiracial/multiethnic cohort in the United States.

Our findings suggest that maternal PA is positively associated with circulating pentadecanoic and heptadecanoic acids. The findings warrant confirmation by future studies.

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Inflamm Bowel Dis

Computer-Aided Imaging Analysis of Probe-Based Confocal Laser Endomicroscopy With Molecular Labeling and Gene Expression Identifies Markers of Response to Biological Therapy in IBD Patients: The Endo-Omics Study.

Higher mucosal binding of the drug target is associated with response to therapy in UC. In vivo, mucosal and microvascular changes detected by pCLE are associated with response to biologics in inflammatory bowel disease. Anti-TNF-responsive UC patients have a less inflamed and fibrotic state pretreatment. Chemotactic pathways involving CXCL6 or CXCL13 may be novel targets for therapy in nonresponders.

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Improving the Computer-Aided Estimation of Ulcerative Colitis Severity According to Mayo Endoscopic Score by Using Regression-Based Deep Learning.

Comprehensive experimental evaluations show that commonly used classification-based CNN architectures have successful performance in evaluating endoscopic disease activity of UC. Integration of domain knowledge into these architectures further increases performance and robustness, accelerating their translation into clinical use.

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Molecular and Functional Characterization of Human Intestinal Organoids and Monolayers for Modeling Epithelial Barrier.

We describe the generation and characterization of human colonic or ileal organoid models capable of functional differentiation to mature epithelial cell types. In monolayer culture, these cells formed a robust epithelial barrier with sustained TEER and responses to pharmacological modulation. Our findings demonstrate that control and IBD patient-derived organoids possess consistent transcriptional and functional profiles that can enable development of epithelial-targeted therapies.

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J Crohns Colitis

Endoscopic Recurrence or Anastomotic Wound Healing Phenomenon after Ileocolic Resection for Crohn's Disease: The Challenges of Accurate Endoscopic Scoring.

Inverted stapled lines heal with ulcerations, whereas the everted stapled line heal without any ulcerations, both in CD and non-CD patients. The abnormalities at the inverted stapled line might interfere with endoscopic scoring of recurrence, with potentially an impact on patients' quality of life and on health-care costs if postoperative treatment is initiated incorrectly.

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The association of Inflammatory Bowel Disease with Celiac Disease and Celiac Autoimmunity in children and adults: A nationwide study from the epi-IIRN.

CeD and CeA are more prevalent in IBD patients, especially in pediatric-onset IBD and in CD. The diagnosis of CeD usually precedes that of IBD. Having CeD is associated with more intensified treatment for IBD.

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Pancreas

A Phase II Study of Ziv-Aflibercept in Patients With Advanced Extrapancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors.

Hypertension occurred in 18 patients (95%), including grade 3-4 hypertension in 12 patients (63%). Although the progression free survival is similar to other VEGF inhibitors in NET, toxicity may preclude further investigation.

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A Real-World, Population-Based Study for the Incidence and Outcomes of Neuroendocrine Neoplasms of Nondigestive, Nonpulmonary Primary.

When the analysis was limited for patients with distant stage only, small intestinal NENs have better outcomes compared with genitourinary and gynecological NENs (HR for genitourinary NENs with distant stage vs small intestinal NENs with distant stage, 1.38; 95% CI, 1.01-1.88; HR for gynecological NENs with distant stage vs small intestinal NENs with distant stage, 2.02; 95% CI, 1.54-2.66). Compared with small intestinal NENs, NENs arising from uncommon sites (such as genitourinary, gynecological) have worse survival outcomes.

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Acute Pancreatitis in Childhood: A 10-Year Experience From A Thai University Surgical Center.

Deaths from pediatric acute pancreatitis are more prevalent in male individuals and those with a preexisting illness. Targeted strategies aimed at "highest-risk" patients may potentially offset mortality.

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Association Between Family History and Risk of Pancreatic Cancer in Patients With BRCA1 and BRCA2 Pathogenic Variants.

Only 1 of 10 BRCA1/2 patients with pancreatic cancer had a family history. Our results do not support using family history to determine eligibility for pancreatic cancer screening.

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Bioinformatics Analysis of Differentially Expressed Genes and Related Pathways in Acute Pancreatitis.

The high expression of CDH1 and VCL was significantly associated with poor prognosis in pancreatic carcinoma. The core genes CDH1 and VCL may play a key role in AP through regulation by MAZ.

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Clinical Trials in Pancreatitis: Opportunities and Challenges in the Design and Conduct of Patient-Focused Clinical Trials in Recurrent Acute and Chronic Pancreatitis: Summary of a National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases Workshop.

This conference report provides details regarding information shared during a National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases-sponsored workshop on Clinical Trials in Pancreatitis that sought to clearly delineate the current gaps and opportunities related to the design and conduct of patient-focused trials in recurrent acute pancreatitis and chronic pancreatitis. Key stakeholders including representatives from patient advocacy organizations, physician investigators (including clinical trialists), the US Food and Drug Administration, and the National Institutes of Health convened to discuss challenges and opportunities with particular emphasis on lessons learned from trials in participants with other painful conditions, as well as the value of incorporating the patient perspective throughout al stages of trials.

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Concurrent Overexpression of Two Hyaluronidases, KIAA1199 and TMEM2, Strongly Predicts Shorter Survival After Resection in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma.

Patients with high expression of KIAA1199 and TMEM2 had significantly shorter survival than other patient groups. Concurrent overexpression of these 2 hyaluronidases could be a strong prognostic marker in PDAC.

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Emodin Alleviates Sodium Taurocholate-Induced Pancreatic Ductal Cell Damage by Inhibiting the S100A9/VNN1 Signaling Pathway.

Emodin attenuates STC-induced pancreatic ductal cell injury possibly by inhibiting S100A9/VNN1-mediated ROS release. This finding provides evidence for the future development of emodin as a therapeutic agent.

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Factors Affecting the Circulating Levels of Oxyntomodulin in Health and After Acute Pancreatitis.

Factors affecting the circulating levels of oxyntomodulin are different in health and after AP. These insights will enable the determination of populations that benefit from oxyntomodulin therapeutics in the future.

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Giant Pancreatic Myoepithelial Hamartoma in a Patient With Familial Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus.

We report the first case of diffuse pancreatic myoepithelial hamartoma with near total replacement of the entire pancreatic parenchyma, and the first reported case associated with a family history of heritable IDDM. Improved knowledge of the genetics, development, and malignant potential of such rare diseases is critical to determine appropriate management for patients.

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Prospective Cohort Real-World Study on Neuroendocrine Tumor Patient's Quality of Life During Peptide Receptor Radionuclide Therapy With 177Lu-DOTATATE.

Regarding symptoms, significant improvements in nausea and vomiting and gastrointestinal symptoms were observed between T2 and T3 (P = 0.012 and 0.029) and T1 and T3 (P = 0.012 and 0.011), respectively. 177Lu-DOTATATE therapy improved global health and reduced disease-related symptoms in NET patients, positively impacting health-related quality of life.

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Proteomes of Extracellular Vesicles From Pancreatic Cancer Cells and Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts.

Protein networks relevant to pancreatic tumorigenesis, including epithelial-mesenchymal transition, complement, and coagulation components, were significantly enriched in the EVs from cancer cells or CAFs. These findings support the roles of EVs as a potential mediator in transmitting epithelial-mesenchymal transition signals and complement response in the tumor microenvironment and possibly contributing to coagulation defects related to cancer development.

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Salivary Biomarker Evaluation of Chronic Pancreatitis Patients Reveals Alterations in Human Proteins, Cytokines, Prostaglandin E2 Levels, and Bacterial Diversity.

Collectively, our studies identify a range of putative CP biomarkers and alterations in human saliva requiring further validation. The biomarker discovery approaches we used might lead to identification of biomarkers useful for CP diagnosis and monitoring.

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The Natural Course of Pancreatic Cysts in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Results of a Long-term Follow-up.

Despite the early presentation, there were no differences in long-term outcomes. Patients with IBD with pancreatic cysts should be managed similarly to those without IBD.

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The Use of Vasopressors During Deceased Donor Pancreas Procurement Decreases the Risk of Pancreas Transplant Graft Failure.

The use of phenylephrine and norepinephrine reduces the risk of mortality. This information should guide deceased donor hemodynamic support management in anticipation of pancreas procurement for future transplantation.

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Well-Differentiated Grade 3 Neuroendocrine Tumors: Characteristics, Treatments, and Outcomes From a Population-Based Study.

Capecitabine-temozolomide and somatostatin analogs were associated with clinically meaningful benefit, and use of local therapies provided benefits in selected patients. Multidisciplinary discussion is essential to optimize individual outcomes in this heterogeneous population.

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Pancreatology

A rare PRSS1 p.S127C mutation is associated with chronic pancreatitis and causes misfolding-induced ER-stress.

The disease mechanism of the PRSS1 p.S127C variant involves defective protein secretion and the induction of ER-stress due to accumulation of presumably misfolded trypsinogen within the ER. The new variant should be considered disease-causing with an incomplete penetrance. Our results confirm that in addition to dysregulated trypsin-activity or reduced fluid secretion, ER-stress induction is an important trigger for acinar cell damage and the development of recurrent or chronic pancreatic inflammation.

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Predicting need for intervention in acute necrotizing pancreatitis following discharge- A single center experience in 525 patients.

Majority of NP patients do not need intervention during initial admission but may require drainage/necrosectomy mostly in the first 6 months following discharge. Need for subsequent intervention can be accurately predicted by a combination of clinical and imaging features on index admission.

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The genetic risk factor CEL-HYB1 causes proteotoxicity and chronic pancreatitis in mice.

We have developed a new mouse model for CP that confirms the pathogenicity of the human CEL-HYB1 variant. Our findings place CEL-HYB1 in the group of genes that increase CP risk through protein misfolding-dependent pathways.

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Reviews&Editorials

Plenty of the editorials are available as full text through the publisher website using the provided link

J Crohns Colitis

The Tortoise (Endoscopy-Driven Treatment) and the Hare (Prophylactic Treatment): Who Wins the Race to Beat Post-Operative Recurrence of Crohn's Disease?

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Miscellaneous

misc publications eg case reports, tools of the trade, images of the month, etc…

Am J Clin Nutr

Is it caffeine? Coffee consumption and future risk of type 2 diabetes among women with a history of gestational diabetes.

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J Crohns Colitis

Validation of IBD-associated Whole-blood DNA Methylation Changes-Where Do We Go From Here?

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Pancreas

2022 American Pancreatic Association Presidential Address: Resilience.

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Association of Serum Amylase Levels With Mortality in Critically Ill Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019.

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Author Index for American Pancreatic Association Abstracts.

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Minutes of the Business Meeting of the American Pancreatic Association, Friday, November 5, 2021, Miami Beach, Florida.

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Neoantigen-Based Immunotherapy for a Long-Term Survivor With Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumor.

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Letters&Replies

Letters to the editors and authors’ replies

Pancreatology

Insulin therapy in hypertriglyceridemia-associated acute pancreatitis - Some considerations.

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